Urinary complaints in females are an incredibly common reason for visits to emergency departments.  We are often left to make the decision of whether to treat for infection on fairly equivocal urinalysis results without the help of a definitive culture.  Muddying the waters is the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI's) which can cause similar if not more benign symptomatology (even at times completely asymptomatic).  Can the history help? Do reported symptoms correlate with a diagnosis?  In April's journal club, we chose articles that aimed to clarify the distinction between two entities (UTI vs. STI) that are incredibly frequent in sexually active women.